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As there is a desiccant inside the insulating glass that can adsorb water molecules, the gas is dry. When the temperature decreases, condensation will not occur inside the insulating glass. At the same time, the dew point on the outer surface of the insulating glass will also increase. For example, when the outdoor wind speed is 5m/s, the indoor temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the 5mm glass starts to condense when the outdoor temperature is 8 ℃, while the 16mm (5+6a+5) insulating glass starts to condense when the outdoor temperature is -2 ℃ under the same conditions, and the 27mm (5+6a+5+6a+5) three-layer insulating glass starts to condense when the outdoor temperature is -11 ℃.

There are three ways of energy transfer in insulating glass: radiation transfer, convection transfer and conduction transfer.

1. Radiative transfer

Radiation transfer is the transfer of energy in the form of radiation through rays, including visible light, infrared and ultraviolet radiation, just like the transfer of solar rays. The reasonable configuration of insulating glass and the reasonable thickness of insulating glass interlayer can reduce the transmission of energy in the form of radiation to a greater extent, so as to reduce the loss of energy.

2. Convective transfer

Convection transfer is due to the temperature difference on both sides of the glass, causing the air to drop on the cold side and rise on the hot side, resulting in air convection and energy loss. There are several reasons for this phenomenon: first, the poor sealing between the glass and the surrounding frame system causes the gas inside and outside the window frame to exchange directly and generate convection, resulting in the loss of energy; Second, the unreasonable design of the internal space structure of the insulating glass leads to the convection of the gas inside the insulating glass due to the temperature difference, which drives the energy exchange, resulting in the loss of energy; Thirdly, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the windows constituting the whole system is large, resulting in a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the insulating glass. With the help of cold radiation and heat conduction, air convection occurs on both sides of the insulating glass, and then passes through the insulating glass as a whole, resulting in the loss of energy. A reasonable insulating glass design can reduce the convection of gas, thus reducing the convection loss of energy.

3. Conductive transmission

Conduction and transmission is to drive the energy to move through the movement of object molecules, so as to achieve the purpose of transmission, just like using an iron pot for cooking and welding things with an electric soldering iron. The conduction and transmission of energy by hollow glass is completed through the glass and its internal air. We know that the thermal conductivity of glass is 0.77w/ MK. The thermal conductivity of air is 0.028 w/ MK, which shows that the thermal conductivity of glass is 27 times that of air, and the presence of water molecules and other active molecules in the air is the main factor affecting the energy transmission and convection transmission performance of insulating glass. Therefore, improving the sealing performance of insulating glass is an important factor to improve the thermal insulation performance of insulating glass.